Hd-Deep-EM: Deep Expectation Maximization for Dynamic Hidden State Recovery Using Heterogeneous Data

نویسندگان

چکیده

Uncertain power generations and loads are continually integrated into the system, causing high risks of dynamic events. To better monitor systems, advanced meters like Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) can record high-resolution system states in real time. However, due to cost, placement PMUs is limited a system. Thus, it's hard obtain all via PMUs. On other hand, traditional sensors Supervisory Control Data Acquisition (SCADA) broadly cover though they only provide low-resolution measurements. In this paper, we propose utilize PMU SCADA sensor data recover missing generation The problem has following challenges based on unique properties data: (1) Spatially, have different locations. must approximate correlations estimate accurately. (2) Temporally, transitions samples scarce, urging efficient utilization dynamics. For challenge (1), employ Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) with capacities capture spatial-temporal information predict states. (2), develop new mechanism efficiently. Specifically, iteratively reuse predicted retrain DNN model, gradually increasing performance. effectiveness proposed training procedure theoretically verified framework Expectation-Maximization (EM). our model fuse heterogeneous termed Heterogeneous EM (Hd-Deep-EM). Finally, demonstrate performance Hd-Deep-EM diversified synthetic realistic systems.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems

سال: 2023

ISSN: ['0885-8950', '1558-0679']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2023.3288005